国际最新研究：阿尔茨海默病的误诊率高达20%

2016年7月22-28日在加拿大多伦多召开的2016年阿尔茨海默病协会国际会议（AAIC））上，两项研究一致表明：阿尔茨海默病经常被误诊，尤其是男性患者。

在第一项研究中，来自美国梅奥诊所的Melissa Murray, Ph.D.及其研究团队发现，与女性相比，男性患者可能更容易被误诊。基于佛罗里达州脑库数据，研究者对1,606名阿尔茨海默病患者的大脑进行分析（年龄范围37-102岁）。

男性患者误诊率更高的原因之一可能是与女性相比，男性的发病年龄更早，病情也更重。Murray博士指出，男性大多在60多岁出现阿尔茨海默病，而女性大多至70岁、80岁甚至90岁才发病。此外，男性往往会出现有别于女性的疾病相关大脑病变，其症状表现不同于女性，这可能也是导致男性患者被误诊的原因之一。Murray博士补充道，男性患者的症状可能包括行为症状，或者言语困难或运动问题，而非阿尔茨海默病常见的记忆障碍。

在第二项研究中，来自多伦多圣米高医院Keenan生物医学研究中心的研究者，对加拿大国家阿尔茨海默病协调中心数据库1,073例病例中临床诊断与尸检诊断不符的情况进行分析。 研究团队发现，78.4%的患者临床诊断准确，与最后的尸检结果相吻合。然而，10.8%被临床诊断为阿尔茨海默病的患者，实际上未患该疾病。此外，10.8%未被临床诊断为阿尔茨海默病的患者其实患有此疾病。

原文如下：

Alzheimer's disease is often misdiagnosed,possibly more so in men, two new studies reveal. The results of both studies were presented at the annual Alzheimer's Association International Conference,held from July 22 to 28 in Toronto.

In the first study, a team of researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Fla., led by Melissa Murray, Ph.D., foundthat men may be misdiagnosed more often than women. This study included information from the State of Florida brain bank. The researchers examined 1,606 brains of Alzheimer's patients ranging in age from 37 to 102.

One reason for a higher rate of misdiagnosis in men may be that men in the study seemed to develop Alzheimer'sat a younger age than women and had a more aggressive form of the disease. Mentended to develop Alzheimer's in their 60s, while women developed it in their70s, 80s, and 90s, Murray told HealthDay. Men also seemed to have different disease-related brain pathology than women. This may account for the misdiagnosis among men, because their symptoms can be different than those of women, Murray said. She added that men's symptoms may be behavioral, or theremay be language difficulty or motor problems instead of the memory problemsusually associated with Alzheimer's.

In the second study, researchers from the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's Hospital inToronto looked at inconsistencies between clinical and autopsy diagnoses in 1,073 individuals listed in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database. The team found that 78.4 percent of the patients had a correct diagnosis in the clinic, which was later confirmed in an autopsy of the brain.However, 10.8 percent of those diagnosed with Alzheimer's in the clinic didn'thave the disease. And, another 10.8 percent who weren't diagnosed withAlzheimer's actually had the disease.